11/13/2023 0 Comments Take a break facebook datingThe global ocean heat content, measured from the ocean’s surface to a depth of 2000 meters (approximately 6,561 ft), continued to increase and reached new record highs in 2022. Over the past half-century, the oceans have stored more than 90% of the excess energy trapped in Earth’s system by greenhouse gases and other factors. Ocean heat and global sea level were the highest on record. Approximately 58% of the ocean surface experienced at least one marine heatwave in 2022, which is defined as sea-surface temperatures in the warmest 10 percent of all recorded data in a particular location for at least five days. The mean annual global sea-surface temperature in 2022 equaled 2018 as sixth highest on record, but was lower than both 20 due in part to the long-lasting La Niña. The three consecutive years of La Niña conditions-an unusual “triple-dip”-had widespread effects on the ocean and climate in 2022. La Niña conditions in the equatorial Pacific Ocean that began in mid-2020, with a short break in 2021, continued through all of 2022. La Niña conditions moderated sea surface temperatures. The annual global mean surface temperature has increased at an average rate of 0.14 to 0.16 of a degree F (0.08 to 0.09 of a degree C) per decade since 1880, and at a rate more than twice as high since 1981. All six major global temperature datasets used for analysis in the report agree that the last eight years (2015–22) were the eight warmest on record. Nonetheless, 2022 was the warmest La Niña year on record, surpassing the previous record set in 2021. Even though the year ranked among the six warmest years on record, the presence of La Niña in the Pacific Ocean had a cooling effect on the 2022 global temperatures in comparison to years characterized by El Niño or neutral El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) conditions. This places 2022 among the six warmest years since records began in the mid to late 1800s. A range of scientific analyses indicate that the annual global surface temperature was 0.45 to 0.54 of a degree F (0.25 to 0.30 of a degree C) above the 1991–2020 average. Warming trends continued across the globe. The annual increase of 1.3 ppb for nitrous oxide in 2022, which was similar to the high growth rates in 20, was higher than the average increase during 2010–19 (1.0 ± 0.2 ppb), and suggests increased nitrous oxide emissions in recent years. The annual atmospheric methane concentration also reached a record high, which was a 165% increase compared to its pre-industrial level and an increase of about 14 parts per billion (ppb) from 2021. This was 50% greater than the pre-industrial level, 2.4 ppm greater than the 2021 amount and the highest measured amount in the modern observational records as well as in paleoclimatic records dating back as far as 800,000 years. The global annual average atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration was 417.1 parts per million (ppm). Carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide-Earth’s major atmospheric greenhouse gases-once again reached record high concentrations in 2022. Notable findings from the international report include:Įarth’s greenhouse gas concentrations were the highest on record. “This annual physical of the earth system serves present and future generations by documenting and sharing data that indicate increasingly extreme and changing conditions in our warming world.” “The Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society State of the Climate in 2022 report is a truly international effort to more fully understand climate conditions around the globe and our capacity to observe them,” said NCEI Director Derek Arndt. It provides the most comprehensive update on Earth’s climate indicators, notable weather events and other data collected by environmental monitoring stations and instruments located on land, water, ice and in space. The international annual review of the world’s climate, led by scientists from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information and published by the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (AMS), is based on contributions from more than 570 scientists in over 60 countries. Greenhouse gas concentrations, global sea level and ocean heat content reached record highs in 2022, according to the 33rd annual State of the Climate report.
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